Question 1

A company accountant is trying to determine the optimum production plan for the period using linear programming.
The accountant has correctly formulated the linear programming problem as follows:
Variables (products): x and y
Objective function: Maximise contribution, C = 10x + 15y
Material constraint: 4x + 6y 500 (kg)
Labour constraint: x + 2y 350 (hours)
Machine constraint: 10x + 4y 1,500 (hours)
x constraint: 50 x 200
y constraint: y 0
Which of the following statements is true?

Options :

A : The selling price of y is $15.

B : The maximum demand for product x is 50 units.

C : Product x requires twice as much labour time as Product y.

D : Product y requires 4 machine hours to manufacture.

Answer: D

Question 2

A university is trying to decide whether or not to advertise a new post-graduate degree programme. The number of students starting the programme is dependent on economic conditions. If conditions are poor, it is expected that the programme will attract 40 students without advertising. There is a 60% chance that economic conditions will be poor. If economic conditions are good it is expected that the programme will attract only 20 students without advertising. There is a 40% chance that economic conditions will be good.

If the programme is advertised and economic conditions are poor, there is a 65% chance that the advertising will stimulate further demand and student numbers will increase to 50. If economic conditions are good, there is a 25% chance the advertising will stimulate further demand and numbers will increase to 25 students.

The profit expected, before deducting the cost of advertising, at different levels of student numbers are as follows:

The cost of advertising the programme will be $15,000.

Required:

Demonstrate, using a decision tree, whether the programme should be advertised.

Options :

A : Yes, the programme should be advertised as the profit will be $82000

B : Yes, the programme should be advertised as the profit will be $92000

C : No, the programme should not be advertised as there will be a loss $82000

D : No, the programme should not be advertised as there will be a loss $92000

Answer: A

Question 3

RFT, an engineering company, has been asked to provide a quotation for a contract to build a new engine. The potential customer is not a current customer of RFT, but the directors of RFT are keen to try and win the contract as they believe that this may lead to more contracts in the future. As a result, they intend pricing the contract using relevant costs. The following information has been obtained from a two-hour meeting that the Production Director of RFT had with the potential customer. The Production Director is paid an annual salary equivalent to $1,200 per 8-hour day. 110 square meters of material A will be required. This is a material that is regularly used by RFT and there are 200 square meters currently in inventory. These were bought at a cost of $12 per square meter. They have a resale value of $10.50 per square meter and their current replacement cost is $12.50 per square meter. 30 liters of material B will be required. This material will have to be purchased for the contract because it is not otherwise used by RFT. The minimum order quantity from the supplier is 40 liters at a cost of $9 per liter. RFT does not expect to have any use for any of this material that remains after this contract is completed. 60 components will be required. These will be purchased from HY. The purchase price is $50 per component. A total of 235 direct labour hours will be required. The current wage rate for the appropriate grade of direct labour is $11 per hour. Currently RFT has 75 direct labour hours of spare capacity at this grade that is being paid under a guaranteed wage agreement. The additional hours would need to be obtained by either (i) overtime at a total cost of $14 per hour; or (ii) recruiting temporary staff at a cost of $12 per hour. However, if temporary staff are used they will not be as experienced as RFT's existing workers and will require 10 hours supervision by an existing supervisor who would be paid overtime at a cost of $18 per hour for this work. 25 machine hours will be required. The machine to be used is already leased for a weekly leasing cost of $600. It has a capacity of 40 hours per week. The machine has sufficient available capacity for the contract to be completed. The variable running cost of the machine is $7 per hour. The company absorbs its fixed overhead costs using an absorption rate of $20 per direct labour hour.

Select ALL the true statements.

Options :

A : The cost for the production director meeting was a relevant cost.

B : Material A was a relevant cost.

C : Material B was a relevant cost.

D : The components are to be purchased from HY at a cost of $50 each. This is a relevant cost because it is future expenditure that will be incurred as a result of the work being undertaken.

E : The machine is currently being leased and it has spare capacity so it will either stand idle or be used on this work. The lease cost will be a relevant cost or $10 per hour.

F : The company absorbs its fixed overhead costs using an absorption rate of $20 per direct labour hour. This is a relevant cost.

G : The relevant cost is $7010

H : The relevant cost is $7080

I : The relevant cost is $7100

Answer: A,C,D

Question 4

Christian the management accountant at a car manufacturer has been given a list of costs that have been incurred due to accidents and errors either occurring or being prevented.
Which of the following are examples of non-conformance costs? Select ALL that apply.

Options :

A : Cost of scrap

B : Loss of goodwill

C : Cost of repairs to products

D : Inspection costs

E : Cost of repairs to equipment

Answer: A,B,C

Question 5

A medium-sized manufacturing company, which operates in the electronics industry, has employed a firm of consultants to carry out a review of the company's planning and control systems. The company presently uses a traditional incremental budgeting system and the inventory management system is based on economic order quantities (EOQ) and reorder levels. The company's normal production patterns have changed significantly over the previous few years as a result of increasing demand for customized products. This has resulted in shorter production runs and difficulties with production and resource planning. The consultants have recommended the implementation of activity based budgeting and a manufacturing resource planning system to improve planning and resource management.

What are the benefits for the company that could occur following the introduction of an activity based budgeting system?

Select ALL the correct answers.

Options :

A : Under an activity based budgeting system, resource allocation is linked to the strategic plan and is prepared after considering alternative strategies. This approach ensures that new activities that are required to meet the company-s strategic objectives are included in the budget.

B : Under a traditional incremental budgeting system the focus is on existing resources and operations. Adjustments are then made for changes in activity and price which results in past inefficiencies being perpetuated. Under an activity based budgeting system, only resources that are needed to perform activities required to meet the budgeted production and sales volumes are included.

C : Activity based techniques including activity based budgeting focus on the outputs of a process rather than the input to the process. This approach provides a clear framework for understanding the link between costs and the level of activity. It allows the ranking of activities and the determination of how limited resources should be allocated across competing activities.

D : Activity Based Budgeting Systems present costs under functional headings i.e. the emphasis is on the nature of the cost. The weakness if this approach is that it gives little indication of the link between the level of activity and the cost incurred.

E : The approach under an Activity based Budgeting System is to make arbitrary cuts in order to meet overall financial targets.

Answer: A,B,C

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