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If (1 < A < 3 < B), then which of the following expressions is the largest? 

Fire ants have invaded much of the southern United States and, as a result, horned lizards have disappeared in invaded areas, because the fire ants, which sting aggressively, kill the young lizards and eliminate the harvester ants that are the lizards’ primary food. Populations of horned lizards have declined even in those southern localities that as yet remain free of fire ants, but ecologists believe that decline is also attributable to the southern states’ invasion by fire ants? Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest justification for the ecologists’ belief?

Some supermarket retailers offer “everyday low prices” across a wide assortment of product categories, while others offer temporary deep discounts in a smaller group of categories. The former strategy is commonly known as “EDLP”, the latter as “HILO”. One question that arises is whether these different pricing formats are more or less attractive to different types of shoppers. Shoppers can be defined (in a relative sense) as either large- or small-basket shoppers: large-basket shoppers shop less frequently and purchase across many more product categories on a single visit than do small-basket shoppers. Thus, large-basket shoppers are likely to be more captive to prices across many categories and have less flexibility to take advantage of occasional price discounts. Bell and Lattin predict that, in comparison to small-basket shoppers, large-basket shoppers will be less influenced by the expected price of an entire basket of goods – which these shoppers presume to be lower at an EDLP store. Meanwhile, small-basket shoppers, who shop more frequently and thus have more flexibility, can often defer purchases of items when the items are priced high, because the shoppers know they will soon return to the store. Bell and Lattin speculate that a supermarket whose format offers greater variability in price might thus tend to attract small-basket shoppers. The passage suggests that shoppers at a HILO supermarket will benefit most from that store’s pricing strategy if the 

A milepost on the towpath read “21” on the side facing the hiker as she approached it and “23” on its back. She reasoned that the next milepost forward on the path would indicate that she was halfway between one end of the path and the other. However, the milepost one mile further on read “20” facing her and “24” behind. Which of the following, if true, would explain the discrepancy described above?

The Asian American History Association receives approximately 1,000 proposals each year from individuals who wish to present papers at its annual meeting. The association’s officers would like to ensure constant standards of quality in the presentations from year to year. The officers have therefore decided to accept for presentation each year only the best 300 papers selected on the basis of the quality of the proposals submitted. Of the following, the best criticism of the officers’ plan is that the plan assumes that